Apache Portable Runtime
apr_tables.h
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00001 /* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
00002  * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
00003  * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
00004  * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
00005  * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
00006  * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
00007  *
00008  *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
00009  *
00010  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
00011  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
00012  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
00013  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
00014  * limitations under the License.
00015  */
00016 
00017 #ifndef APR_TABLES_H
00018 #define APR_TABLES_H
00019 
00020 /**
00021  * @file apr_tables.h
00022  * @brief APR Table library
00023  */
00024 
00025 #include "apr.h"
00026 #include "apr_pools.h"
00027 
00028 #if APR_HAVE_STDARG_H
00029 #include <stdarg.h>     /* for va_list */
00030 #endif
00031 
00032 #ifdef __cplusplus
00033 extern "C" {
00034 #endif /* __cplusplus */
00035 
00036 /**
00037  * @defgroup apr_tables Table and Array Functions
00038  * @ingroup APR 
00039  * Arrays are used to store data which is referenced sequentially or
00040  * as a stack.  Functions are provided to push and pop individual
00041  * elements as well as to operate on the entire array.
00042  *
00043  * Tables are used to store data which can be referenced by key.
00044  * Limited capabilities are provided for tables with multiple elements
00045  * which share a key; while key lookup will return only a single
00046  * element, iteration is available.  Additionally, a table can be
00047  * compressed to resolve duplicates.
00048  *
00049  * Both arrays and tables may store string or binary data; some features,
00050  * such as concatenation or merging of elements, work only for string
00051  * data.
00052  * @{
00053  */
00054 
00055 /** the table abstract data type */
00056 typedef struct apr_table_t apr_table_t;
00057 
00058 /** @see apr_array_header_t */
00059 typedef struct apr_array_header_t apr_array_header_t;
00060 
00061 /** An opaque array type */
00062 struct apr_array_header_t {
00063     /** The pool the array is allocated out of */
00064     apr_pool_t *pool;
00065     /** The amount of memory allocated for each element of the array */
00066     int elt_size;
00067     /** The number of active elements in the array */
00068     int nelts;
00069     /** The number of elements allocated in the array */
00070     int nalloc;
00071     /** The elements in the array */
00072     char *elts;
00073 };
00074 
00075 /**
00076  * The (opaque) structure for string-content tables.
00077  */
00078 typedef struct apr_table_entry_t apr_table_entry_t;
00079 
00080 /** The type for each entry in a string-content table */
00081 struct apr_table_entry_t {
00082     /** The key for the current table entry */
00083     char *key;          /* maybe NULL in future;
00084                          * check when iterating thru table_elts
00085                          */
00086     /** The value for the current table entry */
00087     char *val;
00088 
00089     /** A checksum for the key, for use by the apr_table internals */
00090     apr_uint32_t key_checksum;
00091 };
00092 
00093 /**
00094  * Get the elements from a table.
00095  * @param t The table
00096  * @return An array containing the contents of the table
00097  */
00098 APR_DECLARE(const apr_array_header_t *) apr_table_elts(const apr_table_t *t);
00099 
00100 /**
00101  * Determine if the table is empty (either NULL or having no elements).
00102  * @param t The table to check
00103  * @return True if empty, False otherwise
00104  */
00105 APR_DECLARE(int) apr_is_empty_table(const apr_table_t *t);
00106 
00107 /**
00108  * Determine if the array is empty (either NULL or having no elements).
00109  * @param a The array to check
00110  * @return True if empty, False otherwise
00111  */
00112 APR_DECLARE(int) apr_is_empty_array(const apr_array_header_t *a);
00113 
00114 /**
00115  * Create an array.
00116  * @param p The pool to allocate the memory out of
00117  * @param nelts the number of elements in the initial array
00118  * @param elt_size The size of each element in the array.
00119  * @return The new array
00120  */
00121 APR_DECLARE(apr_array_header_t *) apr_array_make(apr_pool_t *p,
00122                                                  int nelts, int elt_size);
00123 
00124 /**
00125  * Add a new element to an array (as a first-in, last-out stack).
00126  * @param arr The array to add an element to.
00127  * @return Location for the new element in the array.
00128  * @remark If there are no free spots in the array, then this function will
00129  *         allocate new space for the new element.
00130  */
00131 APR_DECLARE(void *) apr_array_push(apr_array_header_t *arr);
00132 
00133 /** A helper macro for accessing a member of an APR array.
00134  *
00135  * @param ary the array
00136  * @param i the index into the array to return
00137  * @param type the type of the objects stored in the array
00138  *
00139  * @return the item at index i
00140  */
00141 #define APR_ARRAY_IDX(ary,i,type) (((type *)(ary)->elts)[i])
00142 
00143 /** A helper macro for pushing elements into an APR array.
00144  *
00145  * @param ary the array
00146  * @param type the type of the objects stored in the array
00147  *
00148  * @return the location where the new object should be placed
00149  */
00150 #define APR_ARRAY_PUSH(ary,type) (*((type *)apr_array_push(ary)))
00151 
00152 /**
00153  * Remove an element from an array (as a first-in, last-out stack).
00154  * @param arr The array to remove an element from.
00155  * @return Location of the element in the array.
00156  * @remark If there are no elements in the array, NULL is returned.
00157  */
00158 APR_DECLARE(void *) apr_array_pop(apr_array_header_t *arr);
00159 
00160 /**
00161  * Remove all elements from an array.
00162  * @param arr The array to remove all elements from.
00163  * @remark As the underlying storage is allocated from a pool, no
00164  * memory is freed by this operation, but is available for reuse.
00165  */
00166 APR_DECLARE(void) apr_array_clear(apr_array_header_t *arr);
00167 
00168 /**
00169  * Concatenate two arrays together.
00170  * @param dst The destination array, and the one to go first in the combined 
00171  *            array
00172  * @param src The source array to add to the destination array
00173  */
00174 APR_DECLARE(void) apr_array_cat(apr_array_header_t *dst,
00175                                 const apr_array_header_t *src);
00176 
00177 /**
00178  * Copy the entire array.
00179  * @param p The pool to allocate the copy of the array out of
00180  * @param arr The array to copy
00181  * @return An exact copy of the array passed in
00182  * @remark The alternate apr_array_copy_hdr copies only the header, and arranges 
00183  *         for the elements to be copied if (and only if) the code subsequently
00184  *         does a push or arraycat.
00185  */
00186 APR_DECLARE(apr_array_header_t *) apr_array_copy(apr_pool_t *p,
00187                                       const apr_array_header_t *arr);
00188 /**
00189  * Copy the headers of the array, and arrange for the elements to be copied if
00190  * and only if the code subsequently does a push or arraycat.
00191  * @param p The pool to allocate the copy of the array out of
00192  * @param arr The array to copy
00193  * @return An exact copy of the array passed in
00194  * @remark The alternate apr_array_copy copies the *entire* array.
00195  */
00196 APR_DECLARE(apr_array_header_t *) apr_array_copy_hdr(apr_pool_t *p,
00197                                       const apr_array_header_t *arr);
00198 
00199 /**
00200  * Append one array to the end of another, creating a new array in the process.
00201  * @param p The pool to allocate the new array out of
00202  * @param first The array to put first in the new array.
00203  * @param second The array to put second in the new array.
00204  * @return A new array containing the data from the two arrays passed in.
00205 */
00206 APR_DECLARE(apr_array_header_t *) apr_array_append(apr_pool_t *p,
00207                                       const apr_array_header_t *first,
00208                                       const apr_array_header_t *second);
00209 
00210 /**
00211  * Generate a new string from the apr_pool_t containing the concatenated 
00212  * sequence of substrings referenced as elements within the array.  The string 
00213  * will be empty if all substrings are empty or null, or if there are no 
00214  * elements in the array.  If sep is non-NUL, it will be inserted between 
00215  * elements as a separator.
00216  * @param p The pool to allocate the string out of
00217  * @param arr The array to generate the string from
00218  * @param sep The separator to use
00219  * @return A string containing all of the data in the array.
00220  */
00221 APR_DECLARE(char *) apr_array_pstrcat(apr_pool_t *p,
00222                                       const apr_array_header_t *arr,
00223                                       const char sep);
00224 
00225 /**
00226  * Make a new table.
00227  * @param p The pool to allocate the pool out of
00228  * @param nelts The number of elements in the initial table.
00229  * @return The new table.
00230  * @warning This table can only store text data
00231  */
00232 APR_DECLARE(apr_table_t *) apr_table_make(apr_pool_t *p, int nelts);
00233 
00234 /**
00235  * Create a new table and copy another table into it.
00236  * @param p The pool to allocate the new table out of
00237  * @param t The table to copy
00238  * @return A copy of the table passed in
00239  * @warning The table keys and respective values are not copied
00240  */
00241 APR_DECLARE(apr_table_t *) apr_table_copy(apr_pool_t *p,
00242                                           const apr_table_t *t);
00243 
00244 /**
00245  * Create a new table whose contents are deep copied from the given
00246  * table. A deep copy operation copies all fields, and makes copies
00247  * of dynamically allocated memory pointed to by the fields.
00248  * @param p The pool to allocate the new table out of
00249  * @param t The table to clone
00250  * @return A deep copy of the table passed in
00251  */
00252 APR_DECLARE(apr_table_t *) apr_table_clone(apr_pool_t *p,
00253                                            const apr_table_t *t);
00254 
00255 /**
00256  * Delete all of the elements from a table.
00257  * @param t The table to clear
00258  */
00259 APR_DECLARE(void) apr_table_clear(apr_table_t *t);
00260 
00261 /**
00262  * Get the value associated with a given key from the table.  After this call,
00263  * the data is still in the table.
00264  * @param t The table to search for the key
00265  * @param key The key to search for (case does not matter)
00266  * @return The value associated with the key, or NULL if the key does not exist. 
00267  */
00268 APR_DECLARE(const char *) apr_table_get(const apr_table_t *t, const char *key);
00269 
00270 /**
00271  * Add a key/value pair to a table.  If another element already exists with the
00272  * same key, this will overwrite the old data.
00273  * @param t The table to add the data to.
00274  * @param key The key to use (case does not matter)
00275  * @param val The value to add
00276  * @remark When adding data, this function makes a copy of both the key and the
00277  *         value.
00278  */
00279 APR_DECLARE(void) apr_table_set(apr_table_t *t, const char *key,
00280                                 const char *val);
00281 
00282 /**
00283  * Add a key/value pair to a table.  If another element already exists with the
00284  * same key, this will overwrite the old data.
00285  * @param t The table to add the data to.
00286  * @param key The key to use (case does not matter)
00287  * @param val The value to add
00288  * @warning When adding data, this function does not make a copy of the key or 
00289  *          the value, so care should be taken to ensure that the values will 
00290  *          not change after they have been added..
00291  */
00292 APR_DECLARE(void) apr_table_setn(apr_table_t *t, const char *key,
00293                                  const char *val);
00294 
00295 /**
00296  * Remove data from the table.
00297  * @param t The table to remove data from
00298  * @param key The key of the data being removed (case does not matter)
00299  */
00300 APR_DECLARE(void) apr_table_unset(apr_table_t *t, const char *key);
00301 
00302 /**
00303  * Add data to a table by merging the value with data that has already been 
00304  * stored. The merging is done by concatenating the two values, separated
00305  * by the string ", ".
00306  * @param t The table to search for the data
00307  * @param key The key to merge data for (case does not matter)
00308  * @param val The data to add
00309  * @remark If the key is not found, then this function acts like apr_table_add
00310  */
00311 APR_DECLARE(void) apr_table_merge(apr_table_t *t, const char *key,
00312                                   const char *val);
00313 
00314 /**
00315  * Add data to a table by merging the value with data that has already been 
00316  * stored. The merging is done by concatenating the two values, separated
00317  * by the string ", ".
00318  * @param t The table to search for the data
00319  * @param key The key to merge data for (case does not matter)
00320  * @param val The data to add
00321  * @remark If the key is not found, then this function acts like apr_table_addn
00322  */
00323 APR_DECLARE(void) apr_table_mergen(apr_table_t *t, const char *key,
00324                                    const char *val);
00325 
00326 /**
00327  * Add data to a table, regardless of whether there is another element with the
00328  * same key.
00329  * @param t The table to add to
00330  * @param key The key to use
00331  * @param val The value to add.
00332  * @remark When adding data, this function makes a copy of both the key and the
00333  *         value.
00334  */
00335 APR_DECLARE(void) apr_table_add(apr_table_t *t, const char *key,
00336                                 const char *val);
00337 
00338 /**
00339  * Add data to a table, regardless of whether there is another element with the
00340  * same key.
00341  * @param t The table to add to
00342  * @param key The key to use
00343  * @param val The value to add.
00344  * @remark When adding data, this function does not make a copy of the key or the
00345  *         value, so care should be taken to ensure that the values will not 
00346  *         change after they have been added.
00347  */
00348 APR_DECLARE(void) apr_table_addn(apr_table_t *t, const char *key,
00349                                  const char *val);
00350 
00351 /**
00352  * Merge two tables into one new table.
00353  * @param p The pool to use for the new table
00354  * @param overlay The first table to put in the new table
00355  * @param base The table to add at the end of the new table
00356  * @return A new table containing all of the data from the two passed in
00357  */
00358 APR_DECLARE(apr_table_t *) apr_table_overlay(apr_pool_t *p,
00359                                              const apr_table_t *overlay,
00360                                              const apr_table_t *base);
00361 
00362 /**
00363  * Declaration prototype for the iterator callback function of apr_table_do()
00364  * and apr_table_vdo().
00365  * @param rec The data passed as the first argument to apr_table_[v]do()
00366  * @param key The key from this iteration of the table
00367  * @param value The value from this iteration of the table
00368  * @remark Iteration continues while this callback function returns non-zero.
00369  * To export the callback function for apr_table_[v]do() it must be declared 
00370  * in the _NONSTD convention.
00371  */
00372 typedef int (apr_table_do_callback_fn_t)(void *rec, const char *key, 
00373                                                     const char *value);
00374 
00375 /** 
00376  * Iterate over a table running the provided function once for every
00377  * element in the table.  The varargs array must be a list of zero or
00378  * more (char *) keys followed by a NULL pointer.  If zero keys are
00379  * given, the @param comp function will be invoked for every element
00380  * in the table.  Otherwise, the function is invoked only for those
00381  * elements matching the keys specified.
00382  *
00383  * If an invocation of the @param comp function returns zero,
00384  * iteration will continue using the next specified key, if any.
00385  *
00386  * @param comp The function to run
00387  * @param rec The data to pass as the first argument to the function
00388  * @param t The table to iterate over
00389  * @param ... A varargs array of zero or more (char *) keys followed by NULL
00390  * @return FALSE if one of the comp() iterations returned zero; TRUE if all
00391  *            iterations returned non-zero
00392  * @see apr_table_do_callback_fn_t
00393  */
00394 APR_DECLARE_NONSTD(int) apr_table_do(apr_table_do_callback_fn_t *comp,
00395                                      void *rec, const apr_table_t *t, ...)
00396 #if defined(__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ >= 4
00397     __attribute__((sentinel))
00398 #endif
00399     ;
00400 
00401 /** 
00402  * Iterate over a table running the provided function once for every
00403  * element in the table.  The @param vp varargs parameter must be a
00404  * list of zero or more (char *) keys followed by a NULL pointer.  If
00405  * zero keys are given, the @param comp function will be invoked for
00406  * every element in the table.  Otherwise, the function is invoked
00407  * only for those elements matching the keys specified.
00408  *
00409  * If an invocation of the @param comp function returns zero,
00410  * iteration will continue using the next specified key, if any.
00411  *
00412  * @param comp The function to run
00413  * @param rec The data to pass as the first argument to the function
00414  * @param t The table to iterate over
00415  * @param vp List of zero or more (char *) keys followed by NULL
00416  * @return FALSE if one of the comp() iterations returned zero; TRUE if all
00417  *            iterations returned non-zero
00418  * @see apr_table_do_callback_fn_t
00419  */
00420 APR_DECLARE(int) apr_table_vdo(apr_table_do_callback_fn_t *comp,
00421                                void *rec, const apr_table_t *t, va_list vp);
00422 
00423 /** flag for overlap to use apr_table_setn */
00424 #define APR_OVERLAP_TABLES_SET   (0)
00425 /** flag for overlap to use apr_table_mergen */
00426 #define APR_OVERLAP_TABLES_MERGE (1)
00427 /**
00428  * For each element in table b, either use setn or mergen to add the data
00429  * to table a.  Which method is used is determined by the flags passed in.
00430  * @param a The table to add the data to.
00431  * @param b The table to iterate over, adding its data to table a
00432  * @param flags How to add the table to table a.  One of:
00433  *          APR_OVERLAP_TABLES_SET        Use apr_table_setn
00434  *          APR_OVERLAP_TABLES_MERGE      Use apr_table_mergen
00435  * @remark  When merging duplicates, the two values are concatenated,
00436  *          separated by the string ", ".
00437  * @remark  This function is highly optimized, and uses less memory and CPU cycles
00438  *          than a function that just loops through table b calling other functions.
00439  */
00440 /**
00441  * Conceptually, apr_table_overlap does this:
00442  *
00443  * <pre>
00444  *  apr_array_header_t *barr = apr_table_elts(b);
00445  *  apr_table_entry_t *belt = (apr_table_entry_t *)barr->elts;
00446  *  int i;
00447  *
00448  *  for (i = 0; i < barr->nelts; ++i) {
00449  *      if (flags & APR_OVERLAP_TABLES_MERGE) {
00450  *          apr_table_mergen(a, belt[i].key, belt[i].val);
00451  *      }
00452  *      else {
00453  *          apr_table_setn(a, belt[i].key, belt[i].val);
00454  *      }
00455  *  }
00456  * </pre>
00457  *
00458  *  Except that it is more efficient (less space and cpu-time) especially
00459  *  when b has many elements.
00460  *
00461  *  Notice the assumptions on the keys and values in b -- they must be
00462  *  in an ancestor of a's pool.  In practice b and a are usually from
00463  *  the same pool.
00464  */
00465 
00466 APR_DECLARE(void) apr_table_overlap(apr_table_t *a, const apr_table_t *b,
00467                                      unsigned flags);
00468 
00469 /**
00470  * Eliminate redundant entries in a table by either overwriting
00471  * or merging duplicates.
00472  *
00473  * @param t Table.
00474  * @param flags APR_OVERLAP_TABLES_MERGE to merge, or
00475  *              APR_OVERLAP_TABLES_SET to overwrite
00476  * @remark When merging duplicates, the two values are concatenated,
00477  *         separated by the string ", ".
00478  */
00479 APR_DECLARE(void) apr_table_compress(apr_table_t *t, unsigned flags);
00480 
00481 /** @} */
00482 
00483 #ifdef __cplusplus
00484 }
00485 #endif
00486 
00487 #endif  /* ! APR_TABLES_H */
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